Summative self-assessment

Oh, Time is up.
This semester is going to finish, for the class, I have some knowledge gained. I think share some knowledge with classmates and teacher on this blog is very interesting, but choosing a good topic is not really easy. I selected a topic that related on my major, and I think it will be interesting for them because I think they didn't know about this field at first. But when I typed my articles, and thought about what I could introduce, that was really a difficult task for me. At last, I just introduce some simple idea for them.
For the class, teacher is always concentrating. I think that recording our text conclusion is very good for us. Because we could practice speaking and thinking, also we could practice how to summary a big article to some sentences. For listening, I hadn't listen the article that's so long and so many times. I always lost in thought when I listened the radio, but teacher replayed the radio for many times, then I could make my self more concentrated on listen.
For this semester, I think I have a little bit progress on this class. Just like now, I can type my knowlegde gained fluency, although there are some words or grammer I have to check it!
I will plan to practice English or Japanese everyday, I think I could figure out the good way for me!:)

self-assessment(3)

For the last articles, I want to introduce some professional contents for my classmates and teacher, on the other hands, I don't know what I introduce will be more interesting and attrictive to them. The topic is my professional, so I think no everyone will understand what I want to express, or what I said. Maybe I will choose a easy topic to introduce for you.

Escherichia

It is a common bacteria that I think you always know it. I already introduce a probiotic bacteria and a pathogen. For me, I think Escherichia.coli is good also bad bacteria.

WHY?

This bacteria could distributed to five type of infection. No matter what type of E.coli, its always release the enterotoxin, and make the infectious people get dysentery, or hemolytic uremic syndrome.

On the other hands, in many food examined standard, E.coli has be the standard microbes. For potable water, the density of coliform microbes about 1.0 g/ml is the maximum tolerance value.

Clostridium

This bacteria is very famous in the field of beautify. Maybe you are not familier for its English name, but if I tell you its Chinese name, you will know it. It's 肉毒桿菌.

Clostridium includes common free-living bacteria as well as important pathogens. There are two main species responsible for disease in humans.

The first is C. perfingens, causes a wide range of symptoms, from food poisoning to gas gangrene.

The second is C.botulium,an organism producing a toxin in food/wound that causes botulism. Meanwhile, this species is used to beautify.For example, some people want to let her calf(of the leg) more thinner, so she injected the C. botulium. Because this bacteria will produce the neuron toxin, and make the muscle atrophied. So that, her calf will be thiner than before.

There is a special feature for Clostridium, that is, if they live in the bad environment, they will form the endospores.

This is a short video to show you how endospore formation.

http://tw.youtube.com/watch?v=KDOMyipwPK0

Clostridium is the first dangerous bacteria in food industry, so the standard of disinfectant rely mainly on Clostridium.

self-assessment(2)

I think I didn't do very well in my blog so far. But I think every articles of my blog are interesting. So I will introduce more knowledge for my classmates. In learning English, I am busy this days, so I am not listening the radio every week. I think I have to improve this aspect. Also, I want to improve my speaking ability and know how to get the thinking more quickly.

Lactobacillus

　In the former articles, I told everybody the microbes has different shapes and sometimes we could distinguished them by their names. So, In this articles, I introduce the microbe calls Lactobacillus. In its name, we can see that has the words, bacillus, that is , the shape of Lactobacillus may be rod shape！

　They are a major part of the lactic acid bacteria group, named as such because most of its members convert lactose and other sugars to lactic acid. In humans they are present in the vagina and the gastrointestinal tract, where they are symbiotic and make up a small portion of the gut flora.The production of lactic acid makes its environment acidic which inhibits the growth of some harmful bacteria. For us, Lactobacillus is a good microbes, sometimes we could get it from some drugs.

In food industry, Lactobacillus always be the fermented bacteria in yougrt, or add it in some milk. I have had did a experiment that add the Lactobacillus spp. in milk, and examined the quantity of the bacteria in the feces. If the quantity was large, that means the bacteia could grew in the gastrointestinal tract via add it in milk.

anyway, for human, Lactobacillus is one of the probiotic bacteria.

How to spell their name?

Just like us, microbes has their own names.

http://www.nextnature.net/research/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/plush_microbes2.jpg

My name is Pattie Liu, it combines with firstname and family name. On the other hand, the name of microbes that also has two words combines with geuns and species. It is according to the rule of Biological classification, every creatures in the world has their scientific name(also called Latin name).

　　

*For example:

　　　　　　　　　　Saccharomyces cerevisae(Baker's yeast)

　　　　　　　　　　　　　geuns 　+　 species

Just like 　　　　　　　　 family name 　+ 　firstname

In other words, the part of species could be changed to become the other microbes.

　　

In the follwing articles, I will introduce some well-known microbes for you, that is, Lactobacillus, Styphylococcus, and Clostridium.

self-assessment (1)

This is my first time to make a little blog to introduce something for my classmates. Because my major is about science, and I think most classmates are major in language or social science. Therefore, in my articles, I want to let you understand the microbiology, so I use some videos, figures, and easy words to show my articles. Although the contents of my articles are not too much, I think that is the important part of this subject. On the other hand, I want to make more interesting topic for everybody, and let everyone know how this subject is fascinating. Ha, maybe I am addicted to this subject.

Bacteria's life

Before we meet every different bacteria, we have to know their life.

‧Reproduction

Unlike multicellular organisms, increases in the size of bacteria (cell growth) and their reproduction by cell division are tightly linked in unicellular organisms. Bacteria grow to a fixed size and then reproduce through binary fission, a form of asexual reproduction.

The following is the process of bacteria' s cell divide:

1. Cell elongates and DNA is replicated
2. Cell wall and plasma membrane begin to divide
3. Cross-wall forms completely around divided DNA
4. Cells separate

picture from:http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/binfission.jpg

There is also a video, this is about the bacteria growth. Show you how bacteria divide. http://tw.youtube.com/watch?v=gEwzDydciWc

‧Phases of growth

According to the life of bacteria, we can plot a bacterial growth curve to show the change in over time. There are four bacis phases of growth: the lag, log, stationary, and death phases.

-Lag phase: production of new enzymes needed for growth
-Log phase: maximum growth
-Stationary phase: growth = death; nutrients or waste products limiting growth
-Death phase: death > growth; lack of nutrients or accumulation of waste products killing cells

picture from:http://microvet.arizona.edu/Courses/MIC205/Exams/05Exams/06-14_BacteriaGrowth_1.jpg

Who live in the small world？

In this small world, there are three main cultures live in. So, who are they?

‧Bacteria
It belong to prokaryotic species. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods to spirals. Bacteria could live in many place, for instance, acidic hot spring, sea water, and soil. Every bacteria have their own growth range. Bacteria are vital in recycling nutrients, and many important steps in nutrient cycles depend on bacteria, such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere.



This is a video about the characterization and classification of bacteria
cited from: http://tw.youtube.com/watch?v=RrTjOrzva3I





‧Molds 　
It belong to eukaryotic species and in the kingdom fungi. The normal fungi that we know just like champignon and mushroom. Some molds cause disease or food spoilage, others are useful for their role in biodegradation or in the production of various foods, beverages, antibiotics and enzymes.




‧Yeast 　
It belong to eukaryotic species and also in the kigdom fungi. Just like molds, yeasts will make food spoliage or be pathogenic yeasts. On the other hands, in food industry, it is a very useful cultures to ferment sugars to make many different food. Baker's yeast in bread production, brewer's yeast in beer fermentation.